Karim Elglmady1, Hatem Hussein1, Osama Terra1, Mohamed Medhat2
（1. National Institute of Standard (NIS), Giza 12211, Egypt；2. Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11435, Egypt）
Abstract： Nowadays global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers are the primary tool not only for precision surveying but also for geodesy, geophysics and many other industrial applications worldwide. The only way to assure the accuracy, universality and longevity of GNSS measurements is by calibration of its receivers. The parameters affecting the calibration accuracy of a single GNSS receiver are discussed in this paper. And a geodetic basepoint is established according to previous empirical studies to serve as a reference for calibration. Additionally, the traceability to the systeme international (SI) unit of such kind of calibrations is discussed. Stability of the base point is also verified through long-term measurements over three years. Eventually, a calibration of a sample single GNSS receiver is performed and the uncertainty budget is derived.
Key words： global navigation satellite system (GNSS); global position system (GPS); receiver calibration
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GNSS定位接收器的校准
Karim Elglmady1, Hatem Hussein1, Osama Terra1, Mohamed Medhat2
（1. 国家标准学会, 吉萨 12211； 2. 艾因夏姆斯大学 理学院， 开罗 11435）
摘 要： 目前， 全球导航卫星系统（Global navigation satellite system, GNSS）接收器不仅是精密测量的主要工具， 而且还用于大地测量、 地球物理和许多其他工业应用中。确保GNSS测量精度、 通用性和寿命的唯一方法是对其接收机进行校准。本文讨论了影响单台GNSS接收机标定精度的参数， 并根据以往的经验研究， 建立了一个大地基准点作为校准的参考。 此外， 还讨论了这种校准对国际单位(Systeme international unit, SI unit)的可追溯性。通过三年多的长期测量， 验证了基准点的稳定性。最后， 对单台样本GNSS接收机进行了标定， 并推导了不确定度计算公式。
关键词： 全球导航卫星系统； 全球定位系统； 接收器校准
引用格式： Karim Elglmady, Hatem Hussein, Osama Terra, et al. Calibration of GNSS positioning receivers. Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation, 2021, 12（2）： 160-169. DOI： 10.3969／j.issn.1674-8042.2021.02.005
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