XIE Yun-bo， FENG Hao， ZHAO Ming-xin， ZENG Zhou-mo
（State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China）
Abstract： Aiming at the major failure mode of prestressed concrete cylinder pipes (PCCP), namely the fracture of prestressed steel wires, the broken wire detection technology based on orthogonal electromagnetic principle is studied. The detection system model is established and optimized by using COMSOL finite element simulation software. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis of the wire-breaking effect is carried out. The influence of factors on broken wire signal characteristics such as edge effect, circumferential relative position of the detector and broken wires, excitation frequency and relative permeability of steel wires is analyzed, which provides a theoretical guidance for the field detection. The influence of the steel cylinder structure on the simulation results is analyzed, which provides a reference for the improvement of calculation efficiency. The corresponding detection system is designed and implemented. Concretely, a high-voltage and high-power sinusoidal signal coil drive scheme based on sinusoidal pulse width modulation technology and an intelligent power module is innovatively proposed and the corresponding protection circuit is designed. The broken wire signal could be effectively extracted through a lock-in amplifier. The experimental results show that this system can effectively identify the broken wires with low cost.
Key words： broken wires of prestressed concrete cylinder pipes (PCCP); orthogonal electromagnetic detection; finite element analysis; coil drive; lock-in amplifier
CLD number： TH878 Document code： A
Article ID： 1674-8042（2019）01-0081-10 doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8042.2019.01.012
References
［1］ Zhang S R, Zhang C X. Numerical simulation analysis of prestressed concrete cylinder pipe. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2009, 41(8): 118-122.
［2］ Xiong H. Prestress model and prototype test on the ultra-diameter PCCP in mid-route of south-to-north water diversion project. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2010: 3-5.
［3］ Hu S W, Hu X, Lu J. Study on eddy current principle-based nondestructive testing method for broken wire of PCCP. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 2016, 47(2): 101-103.
［4］ Wen K L. Development and application of PCCP. Shanxi Hydrotechnics, 2005, (1): 86-87.
［5］ Zhang X J, Teng H W, Dai C S. Analysis the performance of PCCP with broken prestressed steel wires. Yellow River, 2014, 36(3): 138-140.
［6］ Dou T S, Yan J Q. Failure modes and cause analysis on prestressed concrete cylinder pipe(PCCP). China Concrete and Cement Products, 2014, (1): 29-33.
［7］ Hu S W. Considerations on practice and problems of PCCP in China. China Water Resources, 2017, (18): 25-29.
［8］ Ge S, Sinha S. Failure analysis, condition assessment technologies, and performance prediction of prestressed-concrete cylinder pipe: state-of-the-art literature review. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 2014, 28(3): 618-628.
［9］ Lewis R A, Fisk P. Detection of prestressed concrete cylinder pipe thinning from hydrogen sulfide deterioration. In: Proceedings of Pipelines 2005: Optimizing Pipeline Design, Operations, and Maintenance in Todays Economy of Pipeline Division Specialty Conference, Houston, USA, 2005: 965-979.
［10］ Marshall J, Fisk P S. Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe decay. In: Proceedings of Pipelines 2010: Climbing New Peaks to Infrastructure Reliability: Renew, Rehab, and Reinvest of Pipeline Division Specialty Conference, Keystone, USA, 2010: 548-557.
［11］ Galleher J J, Bell G E C, Romer A E. Comparison of two electromagnetic techniques to determine the physical condition of PCCP. In: Proceedings of Pipelines 2005: Optimizing Pipeline Design, Operations, and Maintenance in Todays Economy of Pipeline Division Specialty Conference, Houston, USA, 2005: 401-410.
［12］ Catalano L F, Mergelas B, Holley M. Comparison of RFTC and p-wave tests performed on the rampart 54-inch PCCP raw water pipeline. In: Proceedings of Pipelines 2009: Infrastructures Hidden Assets of Pipelines Specialty Conference, San Diego, USA, 2009: 75-85.
［13］ Amaitik N M, Amaitik S M. Development of PCCP wire breaks prediction model using artificial neural networks. In: Proceedings of Pipelines 2008: Pipeline Asset Management: Maximizing Performance of our Pipeline Infrastructure of International Pipelines Conference, Atlanta, USA, 2008: 1-11.
［14］ Xu J, Tian H, Peng Z H, et al. Application of remote field eddy current testing in PCCP broken wire inspection. China Concrete and Cement Products, 2014, (12): 32-34.
［15］ Mergelas B J, Atherton D L, Kong X. An update on RFEC/TC technology and use. In: Proceedings of Pipelines 2002: Beneath Our Feet: Challenges and Solutions of Pipeline Division Specialty Conference, Cleveland, USA, 2002: 1-7.
［16］ Payton R, Larsen M, Arredondo J. Innovative inspection of critical large diameter PCCP pipelines without completely de-watering and under a river crossing for dallas water utilities. In: Proceedings of Pipelines 2010: Climbing New Peaks to Infrastructure Reliability: Renew, Rehab, and Reinvest of Pipeline Division Specialty Conference, Keystone, USA, 2010: 601-610.
［17］ Tian H, Peng Z H, Xu J, et al. Study on electromagnetic detection technology of PCCP broken wire and its application. China Concrete and Cement Products, 2017, (1): 35-38.
［18］ Kang Y K, Wang Z Q. Calculation of resistance- capacitance suppressor parameters connected in parallel with the AC contactor coil circuit. Machine Tool Electric Apparatus, 2010, 37(3): 52-53.
［19］ Jiang D D, Wang Y, Lu F. Analysis on the reasons of over voltage for IGBT and the design of RC snubber circuit. Power Science and Engineering, 2011, 27(4): 23-29.
［20］ Ge J. Application of RC overvoltage absorber in design. Coal Mine Design, 1995, (6): 23-26.
基于正交电磁原理的PCCP断丝检测
谢韵博， 封 皓， 赵铭鑫， 曾周末
（天津大学 精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室， 天津 300072）
摘 要: 针对预应力钢筒混凝土管PCCP预应力钢丝断裂这一主要失效模式， 对基于正交电磁原理的断丝检测技术进行了研究。 利用COMSOL有限元仿真软件， 建立并优化了检测系统模型， 进而对断丝效应进行了理论剖析， 分析了边缘效应、断丝与检测器周向相对位置、激励频率、钢丝相对磁导率等因素对断丝信号特征的影响， 为实际检测提供了理论指导； 分析了钢筒结构对仿真结果的影响， 为计算效率的提高提供了参考依据。 最终， 设计并实现了正交电磁断丝检测系统， 创新性地提出一种基于正弦脉宽调制技术和智能功率模块的高压大功率正弦信号线圈驱动方案并设计了相应保护电路， 采用锁相放大器可以有效提取断丝信号。 实验结果表明， 该系统可以有效识别断丝， 且成本较低。
关键词: PCCP断丝； 正交电磁检测； 有限元分析； 线圈驱动； 锁相放大器
引用格式： XIE Yun-bo，FENG Hao， ZHAO Ming-xin， et al. PCCP broken wire detection based on orthogonal electromagnetic principle. Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation, 2019, 10(1)： 81-90. ［doi： 10.3969／j.issn.1674-8042.2019.01.012］
[full text view]
