ZHANG Wen-juan, QIN Jing, XIE Hui, MA Hong-jie, HUANG Deng-gao
(State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China)
Abstract： Bus mass is an important factor that affects fuel consumption and one of the key input parameters associated with automatic shift and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) energy management strategy. A city bus mass estimation method based on kinetic energy theorem was proposed in this paper. The real-time data including vehicle speed and engine torque were collected by a remote data acquisition system. The samples in the process of being accelerated were selected to conduct vehicle mass estimation at the same bus stop with the same gear. The average estimation error is 2.92% after the verification by actual data. Compared with the method based on recursive least squares, the algorithm based on kinetic energy theorem requires less sample length and the estimation error is smaller. Therefore, the method is more suitable for the bus mass estimation. The influences of gear, rolling resistance coefficient, wind resistance coefficient and road slope on mass estimation accuracy were analyzed.
Key words： bus mass; kinetic energy theorem; recursive least squares
CLD number： O41; TH22 Document code： A
Article ID： 1674-8042（2015）02-0103-08doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8042.2015.02.001
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基于动能定理的公交车质量估计算法
张文娟， 秦静， 谢辉， 马红杰， 黄登高
（天津大学 内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室， 天津 300072）
摘要:公交车质量是影响公交车油耗的重要因素， 同时也是车辆自动换挡策略和混合动力能量管理的关键参数。 本文针对公交车质量的估计问题， 提出了基于动能定理的估计算法。 利用车辆数据采集系统， 得到车辆的速度、 扭矩等信息， 选择同一站点、 同一档位加速过程的数据， 使用动能定理的方法估计了公交车的质量。 经过试验数据验证， 质量的平均估计误差为2.92%。 动能定理的方法相比传统的递推最小二乘方法所需的样本点更少， 估计误差更小。 由于公交车站点间的运行距离一般较短， 可提供的样本数据非常少， 因而动能定理的方法更适用于公交车的质量估计。 此外， 还分析了档位、 滚动阻力系数、 空气阻力系数和道路坡度对质量估计的影响。
关键词:质量估计； 动能定理； 递推最小二乘
引用格式：ZHANG Wen-juan, QIN Jing, XIE Hui, et al. Bus mass estimation algorithm based on kinetic energy theorem. Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation, 2015, 6(2)： 103-110. ［doi： 10.3969／j.issn.1674-8042.2015.02.001］
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