ZHAO Zi-qing1, LIU Chang-wen1, ZHANG Ping2
(1. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; 2. Department of Energy Engineering, Zhengjiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)
Abstract： As for the application of electronic fuel injection (EFI) system to small gasoline generator set, mechanical speed controller cannot be coupled with EFI system and has the shortcomings of lagged regulation and poor accuracy, a feed-forward control strategy based on load combined with proportional-integral-differential (PID) control strategy was proposed, and a digital speed controller applied to the electrical control system was designed. The detailed control strategy of the controller was introduced. The hardware design for the controller and the key circuits of motor driving, current sampling and angular signal capturing were given, and software architecture was discussed. Combined with a gasoline generator set mounted with EFI system, the controller parameters were tuned and optimized empirically by hardware in loop and bench test methods. Test results show that the speed deviation of generator set is low and the control system is stable in steady state; In transient state the control system responses quickly, has high stability under mutation loads especially when suddenly apply and remove 100% load, the speed deviation is within 8% of reference speed and the transient time is less than 5 s, satisfying the ISO standard.
Key words： gasoline generator; digital speed controller; electronic fuel injection (EFI); feed forward; proportional-integral-differential (PID) control
CLD number： TK414.3 Document code： A
Article ID： 1674-8042（2015）04-0354-10 doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8042.2015.04.009
References
［1］ Tianjin Institute of Internal Combustion Engine. Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from small spark ignition engines of non-road mobile machinery: GB26133-2010. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2010.
［2］ FANG Zu-hua, ZHANG Yong, ZHOU Jin-bao, et al. Emission standards and emission control strategies for small utility gasoline engines. Small Internal Combustion Engine, 2002, 31(4): 34-37.
［3］ YANG Yan-xiang, ZHANG Ping, XI Da-guang, et al. Study on technologies with FAI fuel injection system to meet China’s stage III motorcycle emission regulation. Transactions of CSICE, 2009, 27(1): 62-67.
［4］ ZHANG Gui-chen. Speed-frequency controller design based on sliding mode for marine diesel generator. In: Proceedings of 2010 Second WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems, Wuhan, China, 2010, (2): 31-34.
［5］ David J M, John M. Multiple input governor control for a diesel generating set. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2008, 23(3): 851 -859.
［6］ SHI Yong, QI Zi-da, ZHANG Lian-yu, et al. Application of CMAC neural network coupled with PID controller on speed control of diesel generating set. Transactions of CSICE, 2012, 30 (6): 563-568.
［7］ LI Yun-wu, WU Jian-zhong, LIU Yan-bo. Feedforward compensation and PID neural network frequency control for internal combustion engine generating unit. Transactions of CSICE, 2007, 25(4): 379-383.
［8］ CHENG Gou-ying. Development of electronic governor for KGEl000Ti petrol generator. Fuzhou: Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, 2005.
［9］ WU Ming-tao. Design and research of gasoline generator adaptive electronic governor. Chongqing: Southwest University, 2013.
［10］ YANG Chang-sheng. The research of digital electronic governor for low power gasoline generator. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2006.
［11］ Duan P, Xie K G. A novel gasoline generators speed governing System based on an improved fuzzy adaptive PID controller. In: Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, Jinan, China, 2010: 4855-4858.
［12］ DUAN Qi-chang, LIN Sen, RAO Zhi-bo, et al. The speed governor for gasoline generator based on feedforward compensation sliding mode controller. Control Engineering of China, 2012, 19(6): 1073-1076.
［13］ WAN Dong, BAI Fu-qiang, GU Wei-dong, et al. Investigation of air intake characteristics of the fuel injection system of four-stroke motorcycle engine. Small Internal Combustion Engine, 2008, 36(1): 13-18.
［14］ YU Yi-long. Study on testing technology and platform for engine management system development. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2008.
［15］ YAO Dong-wei, WU Feng , YANG Zhi-jia, et al. Design of idle speed controller for an SI engine based on incremental digital PID. Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), 2010, 44 (6): 1122-1126.
［16］ Lan Zhou Power and Vehicle Research Institution. Power frequency of gasoline generator set technical qualifications: JB/T1- 0304-2001. Beijing: China Machinery Industry Federation, 2001.
［17］ International Organization for Standardization.Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets-part5: Generating sets: ISO8528-5. Geneva: ISO, 2013.
基于前馈PID控制的电喷汽油发电机调速器研制
赵自庆1, 刘昌文1, 张平2
(1. 天津大学 内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室， 天津 300072； 2. 浙江大学 能源工程系， 杭州 310027)
摘要:针对电喷系统在小型汽油发电机组的应用中存在的机械调速方式无法与电喷系统相耦合以及调节滞后、 调节精度差的缺点， 提出了基于负载的前馈PID转速控制策略， 并设计了适用于电喷系统的数字调速器。 详述了调速器的控制策略， 给出了调速器的硬件设计方案以及关键的电机驱动电路、 电流采样电路以及角标捕捉电路， 给出了调速器的软件设计的具体流程， 并结合电喷改装的汽油发电机组， 通过硬件在环、台架实验， 利用工程整定方法对调速器中PID参数进行整定和优化。 实验结果表明， 稳态时， 发电机组转速波动小， 稳定性好； 瞬态时， 调速器动作迅速， 对负荷突变适应力强， 尤其在突加、突卸100%负荷时， 转速波动在8%以内， 稳定时间小于5 s， 调速性能满足ISO标准。
关键词:汽油发电机； 数字调速器； 电喷； 前馈； PID控制
引用格式：ZHAO Zi-qing, LIU Chang-wen, ZHANG Ping. Design of speed controller for electronic fuel injection gasoline generatoriewv based on feed-forward PID control. Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation, 2015, 6(4)： 354-363. ［doi： 10.3969／j.issn.1674-8042.2015.04.009］v
[Full text view]
